Namaste Coders 👩

From this article onwards, we will start learning and discussing functions in Python. What are function 🙄? Different types of functions, all will be discussed and covered.

Imagine you are starving for food 🥙 but you don't know how to cook 😟. Now you have two ways to go. Either you can purchase ingredients, look for recipes, follow tutorials and cook by yourself or you can give ingredients to someone who is a professional cook so that you can enjoy delicious and healthy meals every day. Which sounds easy and less time-consuming. I guess it's the second way for everyone. Functions in Python do the same for us 👏👏

What are Functions?

Functions are the block of organized, reusable code that is used to perform a single action. For example, we need to calculate the sum of two numbers 4 times. Should we write the algorithm 4 times in a single program😯? No, we should not because it will make code regressive and will violate the zen of python. It will reduce readability.

Let's start playing with functions 👊

Python Built-in Functions

Python provides us with many functions which are already defined and ready to use by the programmers. These are called built-in functions.

It is not new to you as we are dealing with built-in functions from the very first Python program. Yes, you heard 👂 it right.

To print Hello World we use none other than a print() function. There are many built-in functions like input(),type(), tuple() ,dict() ,list(),set() and many more.

Here is a list of some built-in functions provided by Python 👇

abs(): Returns the absolute value of a number
all(): Returns True if all items in an iterable object are true
any(): Returns True if any item in an iterable object is true
ascii(): Returns a readable version of an object. Replaces none-ascii characters with escape character
bin(): Returns the binary version of a number
bool(): Returns the boolean value of the specified object
callable(): Returns True if the specified object is callable, otherwise False
chr(): Returns a character from the specified Unicode code.
complex(): Returns a complex number
delattr(): Deletes the specified attribute (property or method) from the specified object
dict(): Returns a dictionary
dir(): Returns a list of the specified object's properties and methods
divmod(): Returns the quotient and the remainder when argument1 is divided by argument2
enumerate(): Takes a collection (e.g. a tuple) and returns it as an enumerate object
eval(): Evaluates and executes an expression
filter(): Use a filter function to exclude items in an iterable object
float(): Returns a floating point number
format(): Formats a specified value
frozenset(): Returns a frozenset object
getattr(): Returns the value of the specified attribute (property or method)
globals(): Returns the current global symbol table as a dictionary
hasattr(): Returns True if the specified object has the specified attribute
hash(): Returns the hash value of a specified object
help(): Executes the built-in help system
hex(): Converts a number into a hexadecimal value
id(): Returns the id of an object
input(): Allowing user input
int(): Returns an integer number
isinstance(): Returns True if a specified object is an instance of a specified object
iter(): Returns an iterator object
len(): Returns the length of an object
list(): Returns a list
map(): Returns the specified iterator with the specified function applied to each item
max(): Returns the largest item in an iterable
memoryview(): Returns a memory view object
min(): Returns the smallest item in an iterable
next(): Returns the next item in an iterable
oct(): Converts a number into an octal open(): Opens a file and returns a file object
ord(): Convert an integer representing the Unicode of the specified character
pow(): Returns the value of x to the power of y
print(): Prints to the standard output device
property(): Gets, sets, deletes a property
range(): Returns a sequence of numbers, starting from 0 and increments by 1 (by default)
repr(): Returns a readable version of an object
reversed(): Returns a reversed iterator
round(): Rounds a numbers
set(): Returns a new set object
setattr(): Sets an attribute (property/method) of an object
slice(): Returns a slice object
sorted(): Returns a sorted list
str(): Returns a string object
sum(): Sums the items of an iterator
super(): Returns an object that represents the parent class
tuple(): Returns a tuple
type(): Returns the type of an object
vars(): Returns the dict property of an object
zip(): Returns an iterator, from two or more iterators

# abs function example
a=3.5
print("abs function example: ",abs(a))
#abs function example:  3.5


# all function example
l=[0,True,True]
print("all function example: ",all(l))
#all function example:  False

#any function example
l=[0,True,True]
print("any function example: ",any(l))
#any function example:  True


#ascii function example
s='Pythön is interesting' 
print("ascii function example: ",ascii(s))
#ascii function example:  'Pyth\xf6n is interesting'


#bin function example
num=10
print("bin function example: ",bin(num))
#bin function example:  0b1010

#bool function example
num=10
print("bool function example: ",bool(num))
#bool function example:  True


#bytearray function example
string = "Python is interesting."
# string with encoding 'utf-8'
arr = bytearray(string, 'utf-8')
print("bytearray function example ",arr)
#bytearray function example  bytearray(b'Python is interesting.')

size = 5
arr = bytearray(size)
print("bytearray function example 2 ",arr)
#bytearray function example 2  bytearray(b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00')

#chr function example
# It will return a line as chr(10)='/n'
num=10
print("chr function example: ",chr(num))
#chr function example:

#callable function example
l=[1,2,3,4,5]
print("callable function example: ",callable(l))
callable function example:  False

#divmod function example
print("divmod function example: ",divmod(2,3))
#divmod function example:  (0, 2)

#eval function example
print("eval function example: ",eval('2+3'))
#eval function example:  5

#enumerate function example
print("enumerate function example: ",enumerate('2+3'))
#enumerate function example:  <enumerate object at 0x009D3580>

#frozenset function example
l=[1,2,3,1,2,4,5]
print("frozenset function example: ",frozenset(l))
#frozenset function example:  frozenset({1, 2, 3, 4, 5})